Spinning Jenny
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The hand-powered spinning jenny, patented by James Hargreaves in 1770, is a multiple-spindle machine for spinning wool or cotton. At the time Hargreaves devised the machine, he was a poor, uneducated spinner and weaver living at Stanhill, near Blackburn, Lancashire.
About 1764 Hargreaves is said to have conceived the idea for his hand-powered multiple spinning machine when he observed a spinning wheel that had been accidentally overturned by his young daughter Jenny. As the spindle continued to revolve in an upright rather than a horizontal position, Hargreaves reasoned that many spindles could be so turned. He constructed a machine with which one individual could spin several threads at one time. After he began to sell the machines to help support his large family, hand spinners, fearing unemployment, broke into his house and destroyed a number of jennies, causing Hargreaves to move to Nottingham in 1768. With a partner, Thomas James, he built a small mill in which they used the jennies to spin yarn for hosiers. The development of the spinning wheel into the spinning jenny was a significant factor in the industrialization of the textile industry, though its product was inferior to that of R. Arkwright’s water frame.
About 1764 Hargreaves is said to have conceived the idea for his hand-powered multiple spinning machine when he observed a spinning wheel that had been accidentally overturned by his young daughter Jenny. As the spindle continued to revolve in an upright rather than a horizontal position, Hargreaves reasoned that many spindles could be so turned. He constructed a machine with which one individual could spin several threads at one time. After he began to sell the machines to help support his large family, hand spinners, fearing unemployment, broke into his house and destroyed a number of jennies, causing Hargreaves to move to Nottingham in 1768. With a partner, Thomas James, he built a small mill in which they used the jennies to spin yarn for hosiers. The development of the spinning wheel into the spinning jenny was a significant factor in the industrialization of the textile industry, though its product was inferior to that of R. Arkwright’s water frame.